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Objective:To investigate the clinical application of free/total prostate-specific antigen (f/tPSA), peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and prostate health index density (PHID) detection in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 160 patients with abnormal prostate specific antigen (PSA) who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2020 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the pathological results of prostate biopsy or electrical resection, the patients were divided into prostate cancer group (68 cases) and benign prostatic hyperplasia group (92 cases), and 50 male healthy physical examiners in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University during the same period were selected as healthy control group. All enrolled members were tested for total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), free prostate-specific antigen (fPSA), and prostate specific antigen isoform 2 (p2PSA), IL-6 and other indicators, and the f/tPSA, prostate health index (PHI), PHID and NLR were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to compare the efficacy of each index in diagnosing and differentially diagnosing prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia.Results:The serum levels of tPSA, fPSA, p2PSA, PHI and PHID in the prostate cancer group were higher than those in the benign prostatic hyperplasia group and the healthy control group (all P < 0.05), and the serum f/tPSA was lower than that in the benign prostatic hyperplasia group and the healthy control group ( P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of PHID for the diagnosis of early stage prostate cancer was the largest [0.915 (95% CI 0.864-0.966)], followed by PHI [0.884 (95% CI 0.823-0.944)]. The sensitivity of both f/tPSA and PHI in diagnosing early stage prostate cancer was 86.80%, which was higher than other indicators; the specificity of PHID in diagnosing early stage prostate cancer was 94.00%, which was higher than other indicators. The AUC of f/tPSA for the diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia was the largest [0.828 (95% CI 0.739-0.917)], followed by PHID [0.826 (95% CI 0.760-0.892)]. The sensitivity of f/tPSA in diagnosing benign prostatic hyperplasia (85.90%) was higher than other indicators, and the specificity of PHI in diagnosing benign prostatic hyperplasia (94.00%) was higher than other indicators. The AUC of fPSA, PHID, f/tPSA and p2PSA in differentiating early stage prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia were 0.752 (95% CI 0.663-0.841), 0.730 (95% CI 0.647-0.812), 0.713 (95% CI 0.623-0.803), 0.710 (95% CI 0.629-0.791), respectively, and there was no significant difference in each pairwise comparison (all P > 0.05). The sensitivity of NLR in differentiating early stage prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia was 91.20%, which was higher than other indicators, and the specificity of fPSA in differentiating early stage prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia was 94.00%, which was higher than other indicators. Conclusions:The f/tPSA, PHI and PHID detection have certain clinical values in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer, and can provide references for early diagnosis, early treatment and prognosis evaluation of high-risk population of prostate cancer.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical values of progastrin-releasing peptide (Pro-GRP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) and human human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) detections in the diagnosis of lung cancer patients.Methods:The clinical data of 200 lung cancer patients who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2020 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the pathological type, the patients were divided into lung adenocarcinoma group (80 cases), lung squamous cell carcinoma group (75 cases) and small cell lung cancer group (45 cases). Fifty patients with benign lung diseases and 50 healthy physical examiners who were admitted to the hospital during the same period were selected. All the subjects were tested for the levels of Pro-GRP, NSE, CYFRA21-1, SCCA and HE4, and the differences of each index level in the subjects of different subgroups were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and using pathological diagnosis result as the gold standard, the diagnostic efficacy of each index alone and in combination for lung cancer was compared.Results:The serum levels of Pro-GRP, NSE, CYFRA21-1, SCCA and HE4 in lung cancer group were higher than those in the benign lung diseases group and the healthy control group (all P < 0.001). There were no statistical differences in the levels of serum Pro-GRP, NSE, CYFRA21-1, SCCA and HE4 between the benign lung diseases group and the healthy control group (all P > 0.05). The levels of Pro-GRP, NSE and HE4 in the small cell lung cancer group were higher than those in the lung adenocarcinoma group and the lung squamous cell carcinoma group (all P < 0.05). NSE and HE4 levels in the lung adenocarcinoma group were higher than those in the lung squamous carcinoma group (both P < 0.05), while CYFRA21-1 and SCCA levels were lower than those in the lung squamous carcinoma group (both P < 0.05). The AUC of lung cancer diagnosed by HE4 was the largest (0.813), the AUC of lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed by HE4 was the largest (0.824), the AUC of lung squamous carcinoma diagnosed by CYFRA21-1 was the largest (0.884), and the AUC of small cell lung cancer diagnosed by NSE was the largest (0.959). The AUC of lung cancer diagnosed by combined detection of 5 indicators was 0.951, the AUC of lung adenocarcinoma and small cell lung cancer diagnosed by combined detection of 5 indicators was 0.975 and 0.996, and the AUC of lung squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed by combined detection of CYFRA21-1, SCCA and HE4 was 0.967. Conclusions:The levels of Pro-GRP, NSE, CYFRA21-1, SCCA, HE4 and other indicators have certain clinical values in the diagnosis of lung cancer and its pathological types, and the combined detection of each index is more valuable than a single index.
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Objective To compare the effects of different support method on eccentric control angle and muscle strength of knee joints in 10-week Nordic hamstring exercise.Methods Twenty-eight college male football players were randomly divided into hand support group (HS group, n=14) and non-hand support group (NHS group, n=14) for 10 weeks. The eccentric control angle and eccentric muscle strength of knee joints were tested before and after the intervention.Results After 10 weeks of Nordic hamstring training, the eccentric control flexion angle of knee joint in HS group and NHS group was significantly decreased by 8° and 10°, and the knee joint angle in NHS group was 12° lower than that in HS group (P<0.05); the peak torque of hamstring and quadriceps femoris in both HS group and NHS group was significantly increased, and the peak torque of hamstring centrifugal motion at 60°/s and 120°/s in NHS group was 16 and 13 N·m higher than that in HS group, respectively (P<0.05).Conclusions NHS group is better than HS group in improving knee flexion angle and centrifugal muscle force. It is suggested that Nordic hamstring training should be taken as one of the daily training tasks for football players to prevent hamstring injury.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of changes in heparin binding protein(HBP), procalcitonin (PCT) and prealbumin (PA) levels in the early diagnosis of intracranial infection in patients with brain tumors after surgery.Methods:The clinical data of 160 patients with brain tumors who underwent surgical treatment in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. And 80 cases of intracranial infection after surgery were classified as the infection group. According to the severity of infection, patients were divided into 33 cases in the mild infection group, 36 cases in the moderate infection group, and 11 cases in the severe infection group; 80 cases without postoperative intracranial infection were classified as the non-infection group. All enrolled members were tested for HBP, PCT, PA at time points of 0 h before surgery, 12 h after surgery, 3 d after surgery, and 6 d after surgery. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of intracranial infection in patients with brain tumors after surgery.Results:The levels of HBP and PCT in the infected group were higher than those in the non-infected group before and after surgery at all time points (all P < 0.05). The level of PA in the infected group was lower than that in the non-infected group (all P < 0.05). The levels of HBP and PCT in both groups at various time points after surgery were higher than those before surgery (all P < 0.05), which showed a decreasing trend over time. The level of PA of both groups at all time points after surgery was lower than that before surgery (all P < 0.05), which showed a trend of first decreasing and increasing and then decreasing over time. The preoperative HBP level in the severe infection group [35.45 ng/ml (23.61 ng/ml, 59.44 ng/ml)] was higher than that in the mild infection group [12.51 ng/ml (5.11 ng/ml, 19.92 ng/ml)] and the moderate infection group [22.22 ng/ml (16.49 ng/ml, 27.55 ng/ml)], and differences were statistically significant ( Z = 41.167, 19.105, both P < 0.05). The preoperative PCT level in the severe infection group [1.50 μg/L (1.27 μg/L, 2.44 μg/L)] was higher than that in the mild infection group [0.53 μg/L (0.25 μg/L, 0.85 μg/L)] and the moderate infection group [0.90 μg/L (0.47 μg/L, 1.42 μg/L)], and differences were statistically significant ( Z = 36.167, 14.875; both P < 0.05). The preoperative PA level in the severe infection group [159.22 mg/L (141.61 mg/L, 191.79 mg/L)] was lower than that in the mild infection group [215.91 mg/L (195.21 mg/L, 239.90 mg/L)] and the moderate infection group [194.48 mg/L (178.40 mg/L, 207.60 mg/L)] ( Z = 35.955, 19.567, both P < 0.05). The levels of HBP and PCT before operation were positively correlated with the degree of infection ( r = 0.637, 0.485, both P < 0.01). The preoperative level of PA was negatively correlated with the degree of infection ( r = -0.576, P < 0.01). The preoperative single index detection showed that the maximum the area of the curve (AUC) of postoperative intracranial infection in patients with brain tumors predicted by PA was 0.808 (95% CI 0.741-0.874). The highest specificity of intracranial infection in patients with brain tumors predicted by HBP was 96.3%. The AUC of postoperative intracranial infection in patients with brain tumors predicted by the combination of the three tests was 0.892 (95% CI 0.839-0.944), which was greater than that predicted by other single indicators, and the sensitivity was the highest (86.3%). The AUC of postoperative intracranial infection in patients with brain tumors diagnosed by PCT at 12 h after surgery was maximum [0.804 (95% CI 0.734-0.874)] when predicted by other single indicators. The highest specificity of postoperative intracranial infection in patients with brain tumors diagnosed by HBP was 98.6%. The AUC of postoperative intracranial infection in patients with brain tumors diagnosed by the combination of the three tests was 0.895 (95% CI 0.840-0.950), which was greater than that diagnosed by other single indicators, and the highest sensitivity was 85.0%. Conclusion:The levels of HBP, PCT and PA can provide a reference for the early diagnosis of postoperative intracranial aseptic inflammation in patients with brain tumors. The combined diagnosis of HBP, PCT and PA can better diagnose the postoperative intracranial infection in patients with brain tumors.
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Objective:To explore the significance of combined detection of biomarkers in the diagnosis of early stage primary liver cancer.Methods:A retrospective study model was adopted to analyze 60 patients who were hospitalized from January 2018 to September 2019 in General Hospital of Xuzhou Mining Group and were pathologically diagnosed as early stage primary liver cancer (early stage liver cancer group), and 60 patients with liver cirrhosis (liver cirrhosis group), 30 patients with hepatitis (hepatitis group), 30 healthy examiners (healthy control group) who were admitted during the same period were selected. All participants were tested for liver cancer biomarkers such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), vitamin K deficiency Ⅱ-inducing protein (PIVKA-Ⅱ), alpha-fetoprotein variant (AFP-L3) and Golgi protein 73 (GP73). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to compare the differences in the diagnosis of early stage primary liver cancer between individual and combined detection of different indicators.Results:The levels of AFP-L3, AFP, PIVKA-Ⅱ and GP73 in the early stage liver cancer group were higher than those in the cirrhosis group, hepatitis group and healthy control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). PIVKA-Ⅱ had the largest area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) for diagnosing early stage liver cancer, which was 0.776; AFP-L3 had the highest specificity for diagnosing early stage liver cancer, which was 82.2%; GP73 had the highest sensitivity for diagnosing early stage liver cancer, which was 80.0%. The AUC of the four indicators in the diagnosis of early stage liver cancer was 0.922, which was higher than a single indicator, and the sensitivity reached 91.7%. Conclusions:Liver cancer biomarkers AFP-L3, PIVKA-Ⅱ, AFP and GP73 all have certain diagnostic value in the diagnosis of early stage primary liver cancer. The combined detection has important clinical significances for diagnosis of early stage primary liver cancer and assessment of liver damage.